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The  periodic table , or  periodic table of elements , is a tabular arrangement of the  chemical elements , ordered by their  atomic number ,  electron configuration , and recurring  chemical properties , whose structure shows  periodic trends . Generally, within one row (period) the elements are  metals  to the left, and  non-metals  to the right, with the elements having similar chemical behaviours placed in the same column. Table rows are commonly called  periods  and columns are called  groups . Six groups have accepted names as well as assigned numbers: for example, group 17 elements are the  halogens ; and group 18 are the  noble gases . Also displayed are four simple rectangular areas or  blocks  associated with the filling of different  atomic orbitals . The organization of the periodic table can be used to derive relationships between the various element properties, bu...